Battle Of Badr
Battle Of Badr - First War of Islamic History
2 Muslim participants of Badr
3 Battle
3.1 March to Badr
3.2 Muslim plan
3.3 Meccan plan
3.4 Day of battle
4 Aftermath
4.1 Prisoners
4.2 Executions
4.3 Muslims killed within the Battle of Badr
4.4 Implications
5 Islamic primary sources
5.1 Badr within the Quran
5.2 Hadith literature
5.3 Biographical literature
6 In modern culture
7 See also
8 Footnotes
9 References
9.1 Books and articles
9.2 Online references
10 External links
Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570 CE into the Quraish tribe. After Muhammad's revelation from Gabriel in 610 until his proclamation of monotheism to the Quraysh, Islam was practiced primarily secretly. The Quraysh, who traditionally accepted religious practices aside from their own, became increasingly more impatient of the Muslims during the thirteen years of private attacks against their (the Meccans) religions and gods.[6] In fear for his or her religion and economic viability, which heavily relied on annual pilgrimages, the Meccans began to mock and disrupt Muhammad's followers. In 622, Muhammad bade many of his followers to migrate from Mecca to the neighboring city of Medina, 320 km (200 mi) north of Mecca. Shortly thereafter, Muhammad himself left for Medina.[7][8] This migration is mentioned because of the Hijra.[9]
The Quranic Verse 22:39[10] uttered by Muhammad sometime shortly after the migration permitted Muslims, for the primary time, to require up arms in defense. During this era, Muhammad employed three broad military strategies against the Meccans. Firstly, to determine peace treaties with the tribes surrounding Medina, especially with those from whom the Meccans could derive most advantage against the Muslims. Secondly, to dispatch small groups to get intelligence on the Quraish and their allies and also provide, thereby, a chance for those Muslims still living in Mecca to go away with them. Thirdly, to intercept the trade caravans of the Meccans that passed on the brink of Medina and to obstruct their trade route.[11][12] In September 623, Muhammad himself led a force of 200 in an unsuccessful raid against an outsized caravan.[citation needed] Shortly thereafter, the Meccans launched their own raid against Medina led by Kurz bin Jabir and fled with livestock belonging to the Muslims.[13] In January 624, Muhammad dispatched a gaggle of eight men to Nakhlah, on the outskirts of Mecca, led by Abdullah bin Jahsh to get intelligence on the Quraysh.[14][15] However, Abdullah bin Jash and his party disguised as pilgrims with shaved heads, upon being discovered by a Meccan caravan, decided to attack and kill as many of the caravan as possible, leading to killing one among its men, Amr bin Al-Hadrami, the seizing of its goods and taking two as prisoners.[16] things were all the more serious since the killing occurred within the month of Rajab, a truce month sacred to the Meccans during which fighting was prohibited, and a transparent affront to Arab traditions. Upon their return to Medina, Muhammad initially disapproved of this decision on their part, rebuked them, and refused to require any spoil until he claimed to possess received revelation (Quran, 2:217) stating that the Meccan persecution was worse than this violation of the sacred month. After his revelation, Muhammed took the products and therefore the prisoners.[17][18][19][20] The Muslims' raids on caravans prompted the Battle of Badr, the primary major battle involving a Muslim army. This was the spot where the Meccans had sent their own army to guard their caravans against Muslim raiders.[21][22]
Muhammad's forces included Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Hamza, Mus`ab ibn `Umair, Az-Zubair bin Al-'Awwam, Ammar ibn Yasir, and Abu Dharr al-Ghifari. The Muslims also brought seventy camels and two horses, meaning that they either had to steer or fit three to four men per camel.[24]The future Caliph Uthman stayed behind to worry for his sick wife Ruqayyah, the daughter of Muhammad.[25] Salman the Persian also couldn't join the battle, as he was still not a free man.[26]
Many of the Quraysh nobles, including Amr ibn Hishām, Walid ibn Utbah, Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, and Umayyah ibn Khalaf, joined the Meccan army. Their reasons varied: some were bent protect their financial interests within the caravan; others wanted to avenge Ibn al-Hadrami, the guard killed at Nakhlah; finally, a couple of must-have wanted to require part in what was expected to be a simple victory against the Muslims.[27] Amr ibn Hishām is described as shaming a minimum of one noble, Umayyah ibn Khalaf, into joining the expedition.[28]
— Quran: Al-Anfal 8:7
“ Behold! Allah Promised Me that He would definitely help me. I'm taking an oath by Allah's Excellent Name, Here are going to be the grave of Abu Jahl, and here will lay Utba ibn Rabiah (Prophet mentioned 14 different unbeliever leaders' names and signed they graves before the battle). ”
— Muhammad – Sahih Muslim
When the word reached the Muslim army about the the departure of the Meccan army, Muhammad immediately called a council of war, since there was still time to retreat and since many of the fighters, there have been recent converts (called Ansar or "Helpers" to differentiate them from the Quraishi Muslims) who had only pledged to defend Medina. Under the terms of the Constitution of Medina, they might are within their rights to refuse to fight and leave the military.
Abu Bakr stood up and gave a brief speech, saying, "The chiefs and warlike men of Quraysh have joined this army. Quraysh hasn't in the least expressed faith during religion and hasn't fallen from the zenith of glory to the abyss of degradation. Furthermore, we've not begun Madina fully prepared."[29][30] Abu Bakr was trying to mention that he believed they ought to not fight and will return to Medina.[31]
Miqdad then gave a speech supporting Muhammad, saying, "O Prophet of Allah! Our hearts are with you and you ought to act consistently with the orders given to you by Allah. By Allah! We shall not tell you what Bani Israel told Musa. When Musa asked them to perform jihad they said to him: 'O Musa! You and your Lord should go and perform jihad and that we shall sit here'. We, however, tell you quite the reverse of it and say: Perform jihad under the auspices of the blessings of Allah and that we also are with you and shall fight."[32] Muhammad was pleased with Miqdad's speech; however, he also wanted to understand what the Ansar thought, as Miqdad was a Mujahid. Sa'd ibn Ubadah, an Ansar, then declared, "We have borne witness that you simply are the Messenger of God. we've given you our pledge to obey you. Wherever you go, we shall accompany you. If there's a showdown with the polytheists, we shall be steadfast in our support to you. In war and in peace, we shall be consistently faithful to you."[33] So, the Muslims continued to march towards Badr.
The Battle of Badr (Arabic: غزوة بدر), fought on Tuesday, 13 March 624 CE
(17 Ramadan, 2 AH within the Islamic
calendar) within the Hejaz region of
western Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia), was a key battle within the youth of
Islam and a turning point in Muhammad's struggle together
with his opponents among the Quraish[1] in Mecca. The battle has
been passed down in Islamic history as a decisive victory due to divine intervention, or by secular sources to
the strategic genius of Muhammad. it's one among the few battles specifically
mentioned within the Quran. All knowledge
of the battle at Badr comes from traditional Islamic accounts, both hadiths, and
biographies of Muhammad, recorded in written form a
while after the battle. there's little
evidence outside of those of the battle.
There are not any descriptions of the
battle before the 9th century.[2]
Battle of Badr624, CE in Islamic history, the first military victory of the Prophet Muhammad. It seriously damaged Meccan prestige while strengthening the political position of Muslims in Medina and establishing Islam as a viable force within the Arabian Peninsula. the increase of Islam against the Pagan tribes of Mecca was an important development in military history, also as within the history of faith and society. The Prophet Muhammad was a talented war leader also because of the founding father of faith, and at Badr, his religion was spread by the sword.
The battle proper started with an exchange of volleys of arrows, leading to heavier casualties being suffered by the Meccan army. Muhammad gave the order to charge, throwing stones at his enemies during a traditional Arabic gesture. The Koran states that the Meccan lines broke under the force of Muhammad’s attack and speaks of angels descending from heaven to slay the fleeing enemy. variety of important Meccan leaders were among those killed, including Muhammad’s main rival, Amr ibn Hisham. The armies involved weren't large: fewer than 400 Muslims and around 1,000 Meccan fighters. Despite the superior numbers of the Meccan forces (about 1,000 men), the Muslims scored an entire victory.
The victory at Badr was a crucial milestone within the establishment of Islam. it had been even recorded within the Qurʾān as a divine sanction of the new religion: "It wasn't you who slew them, it had been God…in order that He might test the Believers by a gracious trial from Himself" (8:17). Those Muslims who fought at Badr became referred to as the badrīyūn and structure one group of the Companions of the Prophet.
The battle of Badr was the foremost important among the Islamic battles of Destiny. For the primary time, the followers of the new faith were put into a significant test. Had victory been the lot of the pagan army while the Islamic Forces were still at the start of their developments, the religion of Islam could have come to an end.
No one was conscious of the importance of the result of the Battle because of the Prophet (S) himself. we'd read the depth of his anxiety in his prayer before the start of the Battle when he stood up supplicating his Lord :
God this is often Quraish. it accompanies all its arrogance and boastfulness, trying to discredit Thy Apostle. God, I ask Thee to humiliate them tomorrow. God, if this Muslim band will perish today, Thou shall not be worshipped.1
At this battle during which the pagan army consisted of 950 fighters and 314 (including the Messenger S), the Islamic defense was a mixture of three defensive lines :
1. The personality of the Messenger, his leadership, and his unequaled firmness. He (S) was to the Muslims the ultimate refuge at Badr and at every battle he attended.
2. The Hashemites (the clan of the Prophet S), led by Ali Ibn Abu Talib (as)who entered this battle relatively obscure and came out with unequaled military fame. His military performances became the favored subject of the Arab caravans conversations throughout the Arabic Peninsula.
3. The many companions of the Messenger whose hearts were crammed with the religion and readiness for sacrifice. Many of them viewed martyrdom to be again, adequate to live and victory. These good companions were the military of Islam, its first line of defense, and the thick wall behind which the Messenger (S) wont to stand. They were the attackers and therefore the defenders.
As to the clan of the Messenger, they were those that he wont to call before anybody else, to supply the heavy sacrifice. They wont to substitute the primary line of defense opening for the military the way through their thrusts within the line of the enemies. When the overall offensives began and each companion participated, the clan of the Messenger (S) was the foremost damaging to the enemies. They were so at Badr and at the subsequent battles.
The battle began when Utbah Ibn Rabi-ah, his son Al Walid and his brother Sheibah (all from the Ommayad) stood ahead of the pagan army and asked the Prophet (S) to send to them their equals for a dual. many companions were around him and lots of of them were expecting to be called upon by the Prophet (S) but he prefers to start from his circle of relatives.
The load was heavy and therefore the heavy load might be carried only by the people to whom it belonged as he called upon Ali, Al Hamza and Obediah Al Harith (all from the clan of the Prophet) to face the three warriors. Ali destroyed Al Walid and Al Hamza killed Utbah; then they both assisted Obediah against his opponent Sheilah. Sheila died immediately and Obediah was the primary martyr at this battle. He died after he lost his leg.
When the overall offensive began, many companions participated in the battle and offered sacrifices and pleased their Lord. But the members of the house of the Messenger (S) distinguished themselves. Ali's endeavor was unique at this battle. When Hanthala Ibn Abu Sufyan faced him, Ali liquefied his eyes with one blow from his sword. He annihilated Al Auss Ibn Saeed, and met Tuaima Ibn Oday and transfixed him together with his spear, saying “You shall not dispute with us in God after today.”
The Messenger (S) took a couple of gravel when the battle was extremely heated. He threw it at the faces of the pagans saying “ May Your faces be disfigured. God, terrify their hearts and invalidated their feet. “ The pagans ran away, turning their faces to nobody.
The Muslims went on killing them and taking prisoners. 70 pagans met their death, and therefore the Muslims took from them, 70 prisoners. History preserved in its records only a fifth of the names out of the 70 pagans loses. Twenty2 or twenty two3 of them died at Ali's hand.
This battle laid the the inspiration of the Islamic State and made out of the Muslims a force to be reckoned with by the dwellers of the Arabic Peninsula.
History
Prior to the battle, the Muslims and therefore the Meccans had fought several smaller skirmishes in late 623 and early 624. Badr, however, was the primary large-scale engagement between the 2 forces. Advancing to a robust defensive position, Muhammad's well-disciplined force broke the Meccan lines, killing several important Quraishi leaders including the Muslims' chief antagonist Abu Jahl.[3] For the primary Muslims, the battle was the first sign that they could eventually defeat their enemies among the Meccans. Mecca at that point was one among the richest and most powerful cities in Arabia, fielding a military 3 times larger than that of the Muslims.[4] The Muslim victory also signaled to the opposite tribes that a replacement power had arisen in Arabia and strengthened Muhammad's position as leader of the usually fractious community in Medina.Battle of Badr624, CE in Islamic history, the first military victory of the Prophet Muhammad. It seriously damaged Meccan prestige while strengthening the political position of Muslims in Medina and establishing Islam as a viable force within the Arabian Peninsula. the increase of Islam against the Pagan tribes of Mecca was an important development in military history, also as within the history of faith and society. The Prophet Muhammad was a talented war leader also because of the founding father of faith, and at Badr, his religion was spread by the sword.
The Battle of Badr was a key moment in Muhammad’s armed struggle against Mecca’s pagan tribes. In 622 Muhammad and his followers had emigrated from Mecca to Medina. From his new base, Muhammad began raiding Meccan caravan routes. This provoked the Meccan tribes into sending the military to confront Muhammad’s Muslims. When word of a very wealthy caravan escorted by Abū Sufyān, head of the Umayyad clan, reached Muhammad, a raiding party of about 300 Muslims, to be led by Muhammad himself, was organized. By filling the wells on the caravan route near Medina with sand, the Muslims lured Abū Sufyān’s army to battle at Badr, near Madina.
The battle proper started with an exchange of volleys of arrows, leading to heavier casualties being suffered by the Meccan army. Muhammad gave the order to charge, throwing stones at his enemies during a traditional Arabic gesture. The Koran states that the Meccan lines broke under the force of Muhammad’s attack and speaks of angels descending from heaven to slay the fleeing enemy. variety of important Meccan leaders were among those killed, including Muhammad’s main rival, Amr ibn Hisham. The armies involved weren't large: fewer than 400 Muslims and around 1,000 Meccan fighters. Despite the superior numbers of the Meccan forces (about 1,000 men), the Muslims scored an entire victory.
The victory at Badr was a crucial milestone within the establishment of Islam. it had been even recorded within the Qurʾān as a divine sanction of the new religion: "It wasn't you who slew them, it had been God…in order that He might test the Believers by a gracious trial from Himself" (8:17). Those Muslims who fought at Badr became referred to as the badrīyūn and structure one group of the Companions of the Prophet.
The battle of Badr was the foremost important among the Islamic battles of Destiny. For the primary time, the followers of the new faith were put into a significant test. Had victory been the lot of the pagan army while the Islamic Forces were still at the start of their developments, the religion of Islam could have come to an end.
No one was conscious of the importance of the result of the Battle because of the Prophet (S) himself. we'd read the depth of his anxiety in his prayer before the start of the Battle when he stood up supplicating his Lord :
God this is often Quraish. it accompanies all its arrogance and boastfulness, trying to discredit Thy Apostle. God, I ask Thee to humiliate them tomorrow. God, if this Muslim band will perish today, Thou shall not be worshipped.1
At this battle during which the pagan army consisted of 950 fighters and 314 (including the Messenger S), the Islamic defense was a mixture of three defensive lines :
1. The personality of the Messenger, his leadership, and his unequaled firmness. He (S) was to the Muslims the ultimate refuge at Badr and at every battle he attended.
2. The Hashemites (the clan of the Prophet S), led by Ali Ibn Abu Talib (as)who entered this battle relatively obscure and came out with unequaled military fame. His military performances became the favored subject of the Arab caravans conversations throughout the Arabic Peninsula.
3. The many companions of the Messenger whose hearts were crammed with the religion and readiness for sacrifice. Many of them viewed martyrdom to be again, adequate to live and victory. These good companions were the military of Islam, its first line of defense, and the thick wall behind which the Messenger (S) wont to stand. They were the attackers and therefore the defenders.
As to the clan of the Messenger, they were those that he wont to call before anybody else, to supply the heavy sacrifice. They wont to substitute the primary line of defense opening for the military the way through their thrusts within the line of the enemies. When the overall offensives began and each companion participated, the clan of the Messenger (S) was the foremost damaging to the enemies. They were so at Badr and at the subsequent battles.
The battle began when Utbah Ibn Rabi-ah, his son Al Walid and his brother Sheibah (all from the Ommayad) stood ahead of the pagan army and asked the Prophet (S) to send to them their equals for a dual. many companions were around him and lots of of them were expecting to be called upon by the Prophet (S) but he prefers to start from his circle of relatives.
The load was heavy and therefore the heavy load might be carried only by the people to whom it belonged as he called upon Ali, Al Hamza and Obediah Al Harith (all from the clan of the Prophet) to face the three warriors. Ali destroyed Al Walid and Al Hamza killed Utbah; then they both assisted Obediah against his opponent Sheilah. Sheila died immediately and Obediah was the primary martyr at this battle. He died after he lost his leg.
When the overall offensive began, many companions participated in the battle and offered sacrifices and pleased their Lord. But the members of the house of the Messenger (S) distinguished themselves. Ali's endeavor was unique at this battle. When Hanthala Ibn Abu Sufyan faced him, Ali liquefied his eyes with one blow from his sword. He annihilated Al Auss Ibn Saeed, and met Tuaima Ibn Oday and transfixed him together with his spear, saying “You shall not dispute with us in God after today.”
The Messenger (S) took a couple of gravel when the battle was extremely heated. He threw it at the faces of the pagans saying “ May Your faces be disfigured. God, terrify their hearts and invalidated their feet. “ The pagans ran away, turning their faces to nobody.
The Muslims went on killing them and taking prisoners. 70 pagans met their death, and therefore the Muslims took from them, 70 prisoners. History preserved in its records only a fifth of the names out of the 70 pagans loses. Twenty2 or twenty two3 of them died at Ali's hand.
This battle laid the the inspiration of the Islamic State and made out of the Muslims a force to be reckoned with by the dwellers of the Arabic Peninsula.
Contents
1 Background2 Muslim participants of Badr
3 Battle
3.1 March to Badr
3.2 Muslim plan
3.3 Meccan plan
3.4 Day of battle
4 Aftermath
4.1 Prisoners
4.2 Executions
4.3 Muslims killed within the Battle of Badr
4.4 Implications
5 Islamic primary sources
5.1 Badr within the Quran
5.2 Hadith literature
5.3 Biographical literature
6 In modern culture
7 See also
8 Footnotes
9 References
9.1 Books and articles
9.2 Online references
10 External links
Background
Cemetery of martyrs of The Battle of Badr Al Kubra at the wells of BadrMuhammad was born in Mecca around 570 CE into the Quraish tribe. After Muhammad's revelation from Gabriel in 610 until his proclamation of monotheism to the Quraysh, Islam was practiced primarily secretly. The Quraysh, who traditionally accepted religious practices aside from their own, became increasingly more impatient of the Muslims during the thirteen years of private attacks against their (the Meccans) religions and gods.[6] In fear for his or her religion and economic viability, which heavily relied on annual pilgrimages, the Meccans began to mock and disrupt Muhammad's followers. In 622, Muhammad bade many of his followers to migrate from Mecca to the neighboring city of Medina, 320 km (200 mi) north of Mecca. Shortly thereafter, Muhammad himself left for Medina.[7][8] This migration is mentioned because of the Hijra.[9]
The Quranic Verse 22:39[10] uttered by Muhammad sometime shortly after the migration permitted Muslims, for the primary time, to require up arms in defense. During this era, Muhammad employed three broad military strategies against the Meccans. Firstly, to determine peace treaties with the tribes surrounding Medina, especially with those from whom the Meccans could derive most advantage against the Muslims. Secondly, to dispatch small groups to get intelligence on the Quraish and their allies and also provide, thereby, a chance for those Muslims still living in Mecca to go away with them. Thirdly, to intercept the trade caravans of the Meccans that passed on the brink of Medina and to obstruct their trade route.[11][12] In September 623, Muhammad himself led a force of 200 in an unsuccessful raid against an outsized caravan.[citation needed] Shortly thereafter, the Meccans launched their own raid against Medina led by Kurz bin Jabir and fled with livestock belonging to the Muslims.[13] In January 624, Muhammad dispatched a gaggle of eight men to Nakhlah, on the outskirts of Mecca, led by Abdullah bin Jahsh to get intelligence on the Quraysh.[14][15] However, Abdullah bin Jash and his party disguised as pilgrims with shaved heads, upon being discovered by a Meccan caravan, decided to attack and kill as many of the caravan as possible, leading to killing one among its men, Amr bin Al-Hadrami, the seizing of its goods and taking two as prisoners.[16] things were all the more serious since the killing occurred within the month of Rajab, a truce month sacred to the Meccans during which fighting was prohibited, and a transparent affront to Arab traditions. Upon their return to Medina, Muhammad initially disapproved of this decision on their part, rebuked them, and refused to require any spoil until he claimed to possess received revelation (Quran, 2:217) stating that the Meccan persecution was worse than this violation of the sacred month. After his revelation, Muhammed took the products and therefore the prisoners.[17][18][19][20] The Muslims' raids on caravans prompted the Battle of Badr, the primary major battle involving a Muslim army. This was the spot where the Meccans had sent their own army to guard their caravans against Muslim raiders.[21][22]
Muslim participants of Badr
Main article: List of participants at the Battle of BadrBattleA map of the Badr campaign
March to Badr
In April 624, it had been reported in Medina that Abu Sufyan was leading a caravan from Syria to Mecca containing weapons to be used against the Muslims. Muhammad gathered 313 men and visited Badr to intercept the caravan. However, Meccan spies informed Abu Sufyan about the Muslims coming to intercept his caravan; Abu Sufyan changed his course to require another path to Mecca and sent a message to Mecca. Abu Jahl replied to Abu Sufyan's request and gathered a military to fight against the Muslims.[23]Muhammad's forces included Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Hamza, Mus`ab ibn `Umair, Az-Zubair bin Al-'Awwam, Ammar ibn Yasir, and Abu Dharr al-Ghifari. The Muslims also brought seventy camels and two horses, meaning that they either had to steer or fit three to four men per camel.[24]The future Caliph Uthman stayed behind to worry for his sick wife Ruqayyah, the daughter of Muhammad.[25] Salman the Persian also couldn't join the battle, as he was still not a free man.[26]
Many of the Quraysh nobles, including Amr ibn Hishām, Walid ibn Utbah, Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, and Umayyah ibn Khalaf, joined the Meccan army. Their reasons varied: some were bent protect their financial interests within the caravan; others wanted to avenge Ibn al-Hadrami, the guard killed at Nakhlah; finally, a couple of must-have wanted to require part in what was expected to be a simple victory against the Muslims.[27] Amr ibn Hishām is described as shaming a minimum of one noble, Umayyah ibn Khalaf, into joining the expedition.[28]
Muslim plan
“ Behold! Allah Promised you one among the 2 (enemy) parties, that it should be yours: Ye wished that the one unarmed should be yours, but Allah willed to justify the reality consistent with His Words and to chop off the roots of the Unbelievers; ”— Quran: Al-Anfal 8:7
“ Behold! Allah Promised Me that He would definitely help me. I'm taking an oath by Allah's Excellent Name, Here are going to be the grave of Abu Jahl, and here will lay Utba ibn Rabiah (Prophet mentioned 14 different unbeliever leaders' names and signed they graves before the battle). ”
— Muhammad – Sahih Muslim
When the word reached the Muslim army about the the departure of the Meccan army, Muhammad immediately called a council of war, since there was still time to retreat and since many of the fighters, there have been recent converts (called Ansar or "Helpers" to differentiate them from the Quraishi Muslims) who had only pledged to defend Medina. Under the terms of the Constitution of Medina, they might are within their rights to refuse to fight and leave the military.
Abu Bakr stood up and gave a brief speech, saying, "The chiefs and warlike men of Quraysh have joined this army. Quraysh hasn't in the least expressed faith during religion and hasn't fallen from the zenith of glory to the abyss of degradation. Furthermore, we've not begun Madina fully prepared."[29][30] Abu Bakr was trying to mention that he believed they ought to not fight and will return to Medina.[31]
Miqdad then gave a speech supporting Muhammad, saying, "O Prophet of Allah! Our hearts are with you and you ought to act consistently with the orders given to you by Allah. By Allah! We shall not tell you what Bani Israel told Musa. When Musa asked them to perform jihad they said to him: 'O Musa! You and your Lord should go and perform jihad and that we shall sit here'. We, however, tell you quite the reverse of it and say: Perform jihad under the auspices of the blessings of Allah and that we also are with you and shall fight."[32] Muhammad was pleased with Miqdad's speech; however, he also wanted to understand what the Ansar thought, as Miqdad was a Mujahid. Sa'd ibn Ubadah, an Ansar, then declared, "We have borne witness that you simply are the Messenger of God. we've given you our pledge to obey you. Wherever you go, we shall accompany you. If there's a showdown with the polytheists, we shall be steadfast in our support to you. In war and in peace, we shall be consistently faithful to you."[33] So, the Muslims continued to march towards Badr.
By 11 March both armies were a
few days marches from Badr. Several Muslim warriors
(including, consistent with some sources,
Ali) who had ridden before the most column captured two Meccan water carriers at
the Badr wells. Expecting them to mention they
were with the caravan, the Muslims were horrified to
listen to them say they were with the
most Quraishi army.[34] Some traditions also say that, upon hearing
the names of all the Quraishi nobles accompanying the
military, Muhammad exclaimed: "Mecca hath thrown unto
you the simplest morsels of her
liver."[35] subsequent day Muhammad
ordered a forced march to Badr and arrived before the Meccans.[citation needed]
The Badr wells were located on the gentle slope of the eastern side of a valley called "Yalyal". The western side of the valley was hemmed in by an outsized hill called 'Manual. When the Muslim army arrived from the east, Muhammad initially chose to make his army at the primary well he encountered. Habib ibn al-Mundhir, however, asked him if this choice was divine instruction or Muhammad's own opinion. When Muhammad responded within the latter, Hubab suggested that the Muslims occupy the well closest to the Quraishi army, and block off the opposite ones. Muhammad accepted this decision and moved directly
Meccan plan
“ [The] Arabs will hear how we marched forth and of our mighty gathering, and that they will substitute awe folks forever. ”
— Abu Jahl
By contrast, while little is understood about the progress of the Quraishi army from the time it left Mecca until its arrival just outside Badr, several things are worth noting: although many Arab armies brought their women and youngsters along on campaigns both to motivate and look after the lads, the Meccan army didn't. Also, the Quraish apparently made little or no effort to contact the various allies that they had scattered throughout the Hijaz.[36] Both facts suggest the Quraish lacked the time to organize for a correct campaign in their haste to guard the caravan. Besides, it's believed they expected a simple victory, knowing they outnumbered the Muslims by three to at least one.[citation needed]
When the Quraishi reached Juhfah, just south of Badr, they received a message from Abu Sufyan telling them the caravan was safely behind them, which they might, therefore, return to Mecca.[37] At now, consistent with Karen Armstrong, an influence struggle broke call at the Meccan army. Abu Jahl wanted to continue, but several of the clans present, including Banu Zuhrah and Banu Adi promptly went home. Armstrong suggests they'll are concerned about the facility that Abu Jahl would gain from crushing the Muslims. The Banu Hashim tribe wanted to go away but was threatened by Abu Jahl to remain.[38] Despite these losses, Abu Jahl was still determined to fight, boasting "We won't return until we've been to Badr." During this era, Abu Sufyan and many other men from the caravan joined the most army.[39]
Day of battle
At midnight on 13 March, the Quraish broke camp and marched into the valley of Badr. It had rained the previous day and that they struggled to maneuver their horses and camels up Capitol Hill of 'Manual. After they descended from 'Aqanqal, the Meccans found out another camp inside the valley. While they rested, they sent out a scout, Umayr ibn Wahb, to reconnoiter the Muslim lines. Umayr reported that Muhammad's army was small, which there have been no other Muslim reinforcements that could join the battle.[40] However, he also predicted extremely heavy Quraishi casualties within the event of an attack (One hadith refers to him seeing "the camels of [Medina] laden with certain death").[41] This further demoralized the Quraish, as Arab battles were traditionally low-casualty affairs, and depart another round of bickering among the Quraishi leadership. However, consistent with Arab traditions Amr ibn Hishām quashed the remaining dissent by appealing to the Quraishi's sense of honor and demanding that they fulfill their blood vengeance.[42]
The death of Abu Jahl, and therefore the casting of the Meccan dead into dry wells
The battle began with champions from both armies emerging to interact in combat. Three of the Medinan Ansar emerged from the Muslim ranks, only to be shouted back by the Meccans, who were nervous about starting any unnecessary feuds and only wanted to fight the Muhajirun, keeping the dispute within the clan. So Hamza approached and called on Ubaydah ibn al-Harith and Ali to hitch him. The Muslims dispatched the Meccan champions during a three-on-three melee. the primary fight was between Ali and Walid ibn Utbah; Ali killed his opponent. After the fight between Ali and Walid, Hamza fought Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, and Ubaydah fought Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah. Hamza killed Utbah; however, Ubaydah was mortally wounded by Shaybah. Ali (and, consistent with some sources, Hamza as well) killed Shaybah. Ali and Hamza then carried Ubaydah back to the Muslim lines, where he died.[43][44][45]
Now both armies began showering one another with arrows. a couple of Muslims and an unknown number of Quraish warriors were killed. Before the battle, Muhammad had given orders for the Muslims to attack first with their ranged weapons and only afterward advance to interact the Quraish with melee weapons. Now he gave the order to charge, throwing a couple of pebbles at the Meccans in what was probably a standard Arabian gesture while yelling "Defaced be those faces!"[46][47] The Muslim army yelled "Yā manṣūr amit!"[48] "O thou whom God hath made victorious, slay!" and rushed the Quraishi lines. The Meccans, understrength and unenthusiastic about fighting, promptly broke and ran. The battle itself only lasted a couple of hours and was over by the first afternoon.[46] The Quran describes the force of the Muslim attack in many verses, which asked thousands of angels descending from Heaven at Badr to terrify the Quraish.[47][49] Muslim sources take this account literally, and therefore there are several hadith where Muhammad discusses the Angel Jibreel and the role he played within the battle.[citation needed]
Aftermath
Prisoners
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After the battle, Muhammad returned to Medina. As far because the treatment of prisoners was concerned, Abu Bakr believed that they ought to be ransomed, since they were in any case their own kin. Umar argued against this, saying that there's no notion of blood relationships as far as Islam cares , which all the prisoners should be executed, which everyone should execute him who is closest to him by blood. Ali should kill his brother Aqeel ibn Abi Talib, Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib should behead his father Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, which he himself should kill someone on the brink of him. Muhammad preferred the opinion of Abu Bakr, and therefore the prisoners were ransomed.[50] the subsequent verse was revealed in reference to this event:
The Badr wells were located on the gentle slope of the eastern side of a valley called "Yalyal". The western side of the valley was hemmed in by an outsized hill called 'Manual. When the Muslim army arrived from the east, Muhammad initially chose to make his army at the primary well he encountered. Habib ibn al-Mundhir, however, asked him if this choice was divine instruction or Muhammad's own opinion. When Muhammad responded within the latter, Hubab suggested that the Muslims occupy the well closest to the Quraishi army, and block off the opposite ones. Muhammad accepted this decision and moved directly
Meccan plan
“ [The] Arabs will hear how we marched forth and of our mighty gathering, and that they will substitute awe folks forever. ”
— Abu Jahl
By contrast, while little is understood about the progress of the Quraishi army from the time it left Mecca until its arrival just outside Badr, several things are worth noting: although many Arab armies brought their women and youngsters along on campaigns both to motivate and look after the lads, the Meccan army didn't. Also, the Quraish apparently made little or no effort to contact the various allies that they had scattered throughout the Hijaz.[36] Both facts suggest the Quraish lacked the time to organize for a correct campaign in their haste to guard the caravan. Besides, it's believed they expected a simple victory, knowing they outnumbered the Muslims by three to at least one.[citation needed]
When the Quraishi reached Juhfah, just south of Badr, they received a message from Abu Sufyan telling them the caravan was safely behind them, which they might, therefore, return to Mecca.[37] At now, consistent with Karen Armstrong, an influence struggle broke call at the Meccan army. Abu Jahl wanted to continue, but several of the clans present, including Banu Zuhrah and Banu Adi promptly went home. Armstrong suggests they'll are concerned about the facility that Abu Jahl would gain from crushing the Muslims. The Banu Hashim tribe wanted to go away but was threatened by Abu Jahl to remain.[38] Despite these losses, Abu Jahl was still determined to fight, boasting "We won't return until we've been to Badr." During this era, Abu Sufyan and many other men from the caravan joined the most army.[39]
Day of battle
At midnight on 13 March, the Quraish broke camp and marched into the valley of Badr. It had rained the previous day and that they struggled to maneuver their horses and camels up Capitol Hill of 'Manual. After they descended from 'Aqanqal, the Meccans found out another camp inside the valley. While they rested, they sent out a scout, Umayr ibn Wahb, to reconnoiter the Muslim lines. Umayr reported that Muhammad's army was small, which there have been no other Muslim reinforcements that could join the battle.[40] However, he also predicted extremely heavy Quraishi casualties within the event of an attack (One hadith refers to him seeing "the camels of [Medina] laden with certain death").[41] This further demoralized the Quraish, as Arab battles were traditionally low-casualty affairs, and depart another round of bickering among the Quraishi leadership. However, consistent with Arab traditions Amr ibn Hishām quashed the remaining dissent by appealing to the Quraishi's sense of honor and demanding that they fulfill their blood vengeance.[42]
The death of Abu Jahl, and therefore the casting of the Meccan dead into dry wells
The battle began with champions from both armies emerging to interact in combat. Three of the Medinan Ansar emerged from the Muslim ranks, only to be shouted back by the Meccans, who were nervous about starting any unnecessary feuds and only wanted to fight the Muhajirun, keeping the dispute within the clan. So Hamza approached and called on Ubaydah ibn al-Harith and Ali to hitch him. The Muslims dispatched the Meccan champions during a three-on-three melee. the primary fight was between Ali and Walid ibn Utbah; Ali killed his opponent. After the fight between Ali and Walid, Hamza fought Utbah ibn Rabi'ah, and Ubaydah fought Shaybah ibn Rabi'ah. Hamza killed Utbah; however, Ubaydah was mortally wounded by Shaybah. Ali (and, consistent with some sources, Hamza as well) killed Shaybah. Ali and Hamza then carried Ubaydah back to the Muslim lines, where he died.[43][44][45]
Now both armies began showering one another with arrows. a couple of Muslims and an unknown number of Quraish warriors were killed. Before the battle, Muhammad had given orders for the Muslims to attack first with their ranged weapons and only afterward advance to interact the Quraish with melee weapons. Now he gave the order to charge, throwing a couple of pebbles at the Meccans in what was probably a standard Arabian gesture while yelling "Defaced be those faces!"[46][47] The Muslim army yelled "Yā manṣūr amit!"[48] "O thou whom God hath made victorious, slay!" and rushed the Quraishi lines. The Meccans, understrength and unenthusiastic about fighting, promptly broke and ran. The battle itself only lasted a couple of hours and was over by the first afternoon.[46] The Quran describes the force of the Muslim attack in many verses, which asked thousands of angels descending from Heaven at Badr to terrify the Quraish.[47][49] Muslim sources take this account literally, and therefore there are several hadith where Muhammad discusses the Angel Jibreel and the role he played within the battle.[citation needed]
Aftermath
Prisoners
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After the battle, Muhammad returned to Medina. As far because the treatment of prisoners was concerned, Abu Bakr believed that they ought to be ransomed, since they were in any case their own kin. Umar argued against this, saying that there's no notion of blood relationships as far as Islam cares , which all the prisoners should be executed, which everyone should execute him who is closest to him by blood. Ali should kill his brother Aqeel ibn Abi Talib, Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib should behead his father Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, which he himself should kill someone on the brink of him. Muhammad preferred the opinion of Abu Bakr, and therefore the prisoners were ransomed.[50] the subsequent verse was revealed in reference to this event:
"It isn't for
any prophet to possess captives until he
hath made slaughter within the land."[51]
Some seventy prisoners were taken captive and are noted to possess been treated humanely, including a variety of Quraish leaders.[52][53] Most of the prisoners were released upon payment of ransom and people who were literate were released on the condition that they teach ten persons the way to read and write and this teaching was to count as their ransom.[54][55]
In pursuance of Mahomet's commands, the citizens
of Medîna, and such of the Refugees as possessed houses, received the
prisoners, and treated them with much consideration. "Blessings get on the lads of
Medina!" said one among these
prisoners in later days; "they made us ride, while they themselves walked:
they gave us wheaten bread to eat when there was little of it, contenting
themselves with dates. it's not surprising
that when, a while afterward, their
friends came to ransom them, several of the prisoners who had been thus
received declared themselves adherents of Islam...Their kindly treatment was
thus prolonged, and left a favorable impression on the minds even of these who didn't directly re-evaluate to
Islam"[53]
— William Muir, The lifetime of Mahomet
Executions
A painting from Siyer-i Nebi, Ali beheading Nadr ibn al-Harith within the presence of Muhammad and his companions.
Two of the prisoners taken at Badr, namely Nadr ibn al-Harith and ‘Uqbah ibn Abū Mu‘ayṭ, are reported to possess been executed upon the order of Muhammad. consistent with Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri, these two captives were executed by Ali. Mubarakpuri says that this incident is additionally mentioned within the Sunan Abu Dawud no 2686 and Anwar Ma'bud 3/12[56] However, consistent with numerous accounts deemed reliable, like variety of narrations in Sahih Bukhari, and Ibn Saad's biographical compendium, the Tabaqat Al-Kubra, Uqba wasn't executed but was killed during fighting within the field of battle at Badr and was among those Quraysh leaders whose corpses were buried during a pit.[57][58][59]
Haritha bin Suraqa al-Khazraji
Zish Shamalain ibn 'Abdi 'Amr al-Muhajiri
Rafi' bin al-Mu'alla al-Khazraji
Sa'd bin Khaythama al-Awsi
Safwan bin Wahb al-Muhajiri
Aaqil bin al-Bukayr al-Muhajiri
Ubayda bin al-Harith al-Muhajiri
Umayr bin al-Humam al-Khazraji
Umayr bin Abi Waqqas al-Muhajiri
If bin al-Harith al-Khazraji
Mubashshir bin 'Abdi'l Mundhir al-Awsi
Mu'awwidh bin al-Harith al-Khazraji
Mihja' bin Salih al-Muhajiri
Yazid bin al-Harith bin Fus.hum al-Khazraji
Implications
The Battle of Badr was extremely influential within the rise of two men who would determine the course of history on the Arabian Peninsula for the subsequent century. the primary was Muhammad, who was transformed overnight from a Meccan outcast into a serious leader. Marshall Hodgson adds that Badr forced the opposite Arabs to "regard the Muslims as challengers and potential inheritors to the prestige and therefore the political role of the [Quraish]." Shortly thereafter he expelled the Banu Qaynuqa, one among the Jewish tribes at Medina that had been threatening his political position, and who had assaulted a Muslim woman which led to their expulsion for breaking the peace. At an equivalent time Abd-Allah ibn Ubayy, Muhammad's chief opponent in Medina found his own position seriously weakened. Henceforth, he would only be ready to mount limited challenges to Muhammad.[60]
The other major beneficiary of the Battle of Badr was Abu Sufyan, safely far away from the battle leading the caravan. The death of Amr ibn Hashim, also as many other Quraishi nobles[61] gave Abu Sufyan the chance , almost by default, to become chief of the Quraish. As a result, when Muhammad marched into Mecca six years later, it had been Abu Sufyan who helped negotiate its peaceful surrender. Abu Sufyan subsequently became a high-ranking official within the Muslim Empire and his son Muawiya would later continue to found the Umayyad Caliphate.
In later days, the battle of Badr became so significant that Ibn Ishaq included an entire name-by-name the roster of the Muslim army in his biography of Muhammad. In many hadiths, veterans who fought at Badr are identified intrinsically as a formality, and that they may have even received a stipend in later years.[62] The death of the last of the Badr veterans occurred during the primary Islamic war.[63]
As Paul K. Davis sums up, "Mohammed's victory confirmed his authority as the leader of Islam; by impressing local tribes that joined him, the expansion of Islam began."
Badr within the Quran
The Battle of Badr is one of the few battles explicitly discussed within the Quran. it's even mentioned by name as a part of a comparison with the Battle of Uhud.
Quran: Al Imran 3:123–125 (Yusuf Ali). "Allah had helped you at Badr when ye were a contemptible little force; then fear Allah; thus May ye show your gratitude. Remember thou saidst to the Faithful: "Is it not enough for you that Allah should assist you with three thousand angels (Specially) sent down? "Yea, – if ye stand , and act aright, albeit the enemy should rush here on you in hot haste, your Lord would assist you with five thousand angels Making a terrific onslaught."
According to Abdullah Yusuf Ali, the term "gratitude" could also be in regard to discipline. At Badr, the Muslim forces had allegedly maintained firm discipline, whereas at Uhud they broke ranks to pursue the Meccans, allowing Meccan cavalry to flank and rout their army. the thought of Badr as a Furman, an Islamic miracle, is mentioned again within the same surah.
Quran: Al Imran 3:13 (Yusuf Ali). "There has already been for you a symbol within the two armies that met (in combat): One was fighting within the explanation for Allah, the opposite resisting Allah; these saw with their own eyes Twice their number. But Allah doth support together with His aid whom He pleaseth. during this may be a warning for like have eyes to ascertain ."
Badr is additionally the topic of Sura 8: Al-Anfal, which details military conduct and operations. "Al-Anfal" means "the spoils" and maybe regard to the post-battle discussion within the Muslim army over the way to divide up the plunder from the Quraishi army. Though the Sura doesn't name Badr, it describes the battle, and a number of other of the verses are commonly thought to possess been from or shortly after the battle.
Hadith literature
This battle is additionally mentioned within the Sunni Hadith collection Sahih al-Bukhari and Sunan Abu Dawud. Sahih al-Bukhari mentions that Uthman didn't join the battle:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: 'Uthman didn't join the Badr battle because he was married to at least one of the daughters of Allah's Apostle and she or he was ill. So, the Prophet said to him. "You will get a gift and a share (from the war booty) almost like the reward and therefore the share of 1 who has taken part within the Badr battle." Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:53:359
It also mentions the war booty that every fighter who participated within the battle received in Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:357. Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:53:369 also mentions how Abu Jahl was killed:
Some seventy prisoners were taken captive and are noted to possess been treated humanely, including a variety of Quraish leaders.[52][53] Most of the prisoners were released upon payment of ransom and people who were literate were released on the condition that they teach ten persons the way to read and write and this teaching was to count as their ransom.[54][55]
William Muir wrote of this period:
In pursuance of Mahomet's commands, the citizens
of Medîna, and such of the Refugees as possessed houses, received the
prisoners, and treated them with much consideration. "Blessings get on the lads of
Medina!" said one among these
prisoners in later days; "they made us ride, while they themselves walked:
they gave us wheaten bread to eat when there was little of it, contenting
themselves with dates. it's not surprising
that when, a while afterward, their
friends came to ransom them, several of the prisoners who had been thus
received declared themselves adherents of Islam...Their kindly treatment was
thus prolonged, and left a favorable impression on the minds even of these who didn't directly re-evaluate to
Islam"[53]— William Muir, The lifetime of Mahomet
Executions
A painting from Siyer-i Nebi, Ali beheading Nadr ibn al-Harith within the presence of Muhammad and his companions.
Two of the prisoners taken at Badr, namely Nadr ibn al-Harith and ‘Uqbah ibn Abū Mu‘ayṭ, are reported to possess been executed upon the order of Muhammad. consistent with Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman al-Mubarakpuri, these two captives were executed by Ali. Mubarakpuri says that this incident is additionally mentioned within the Sunan Abu Dawud no 2686 and Anwar Ma'bud 3/12[56] However, consistent with numerous accounts deemed reliable, like variety of narrations in Sahih Bukhari, and Ibn Saad's biographical compendium, the Tabaqat Al-Kubra, Uqba wasn't executed but was killed during fighting within the field of battle at Badr and was among those Quraysh leaders whose corpses were buried during a pit.[57][58][59]
Muslims killed within the Battle of Badr
Fourteen Muslims were killed therein of battle.Haritha bin Suraqa al-Khazraji
Zish Shamalain ibn 'Abdi 'Amr al-Muhajiri
Rafi' bin al-Mu'alla al-Khazraji
Sa'd bin Khaythama al-Awsi
Safwan bin Wahb al-Muhajiri
Aaqil bin al-Bukayr al-Muhajiri
Ubayda bin al-Harith al-Muhajiri
Umayr bin al-Humam al-Khazraji
Umayr bin Abi Waqqas al-Muhajiri
If bin al-Harith al-Khazraji
Mubashshir bin 'Abdi'l Mundhir al-Awsi
Mu'awwidh bin al-Harith al-Khazraji
Mihja' bin Salih al-Muhajiri
Yazid bin al-Harith bin Fus.hum al-Khazraji
Implications
The Battle of Badr was extremely influential within the rise of two men who would determine the course of history on the Arabian Peninsula for the subsequent century. the primary was Muhammad, who was transformed overnight from a Meccan outcast into a serious leader. Marshall Hodgson adds that Badr forced the opposite Arabs to "regard the Muslims as challengers and potential inheritors to the prestige and therefore the political role of the [Quraish]." Shortly thereafter he expelled the Banu Qaynuqa, one among the Jewish tribes at Medina that had been threatening his political position, and who had assaulted a Muslim woman which led to their expulsion for breaking the peace. At an equivalent time Abd-Allah ibn Ubayy, Muhammad's chief opponent in Medina found his own position seriously weakened. Henceforth, he would only be ready to mount limited challenges to Muhammad.[60]
The other major beneficiary of the Battle of Badr was Abu Sufyan, safely far away from the battle leading the caravan. The death of Amr ibn Hashim, also as many other Quraishi nobles[61] gave Abu Sufyan the chance , almost by default, to become chief of the Quraish. As a result, when Muhammad marched into Mecca six years later, it had been Abu Sufyan who helped negotiate its peaceful surrender. Abu Sufyan subsequently became a high-ranking official within the Muslim Empire and his son Muawiya would later continue to found the Umayyad Caliphate.
In later days, the battle of Badr became so significant that Ibn Ishaq included an entire name-by-name the roster of the Muslim army in his biography of Muhammad. In many hadiths, veterans who fought at Badr are identified intrinsically as a formality, and that they may have even received a stipend in later years.[62] The death of the last of the Badr veterans occurred during the primary Islamic war.[63]
As Paul K. Davis sums up, "Mohammed's victory confirmed his authority as the leader of Islam; by impressing local tribes that joined him, the expansion of Islam began."
Badr within the Quran
The Battle of Badr is one of the few battles explicitly discussed within the Quran. it's even mentioned by name as a part of a comparison with the Battle of Uhud.
Quran: Al Imran 3:123–125 (Yusuf Ali). "Allah had helped you at Badr when ye were a contemptible little force; then fear Allah; thus May ye show your gratitude. Remember thou saidst to the Faithful: "Is it not enough for you that Allah should assist you with three thousand angels (Specially) sent down? "Yea, – if ye stand , and act aright, albeit the enemy should rush here on you in hot haste, your Lord would assist you with five thousand angels Making a terrific onslaught."
According to Abdullah Yusuf Ali, the term "gratitude" could also be in regard to discipline. At Badr, the Muslim forces had allegedly maintained firm discipline, whereas at Uhud they broke ranks to pursue the Meccans, allowing Meccan cavalry to flank and rout their army. the thought of Badr as a Furman, an Islamic miracle, is mentioned again within the same surah.
Quran: Al Imran 3:13 (Yusuf Ali). "There has already been for you a symbol within the two armies that met (in combat): One was fighting within the explanation for Allah, the opposite resisting Allah; these saw with their own eyes Twice their number. But Allah doth support together with His aid whom He pleaseth. during this may be a warning for like have eyes to ascertain ."
Badr is additionally the topic of Sura 8: Al-Anfal, which details military conduct and operations. "Al-Anfal" means "the spoils" and maybe regard to the post-battle discussion within the Muslim army over the way to divide up the plunder from the Quraishi army. Though the Sura doesn't name Badr, it describes the battle, and a number of other of the verses are commonly thought to possess been from or shortly after the battle.
Hadith literature
This battle is additionally mentioned within the Sunni Hadith collection Sahih al-Bukhari and Sunan Abu Dawud. Sahih al-Bukhari mentions that Uthman didn't join the battle:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar: 'Uthman didn't join the Badr battle because he was married to at least one of the daughters of Allah's Apostle and she or he was ill. So, the Prophet said to him. "You will get a gift and a share (from the war booty) almost like the reward and therefore the share of 1 who has taken part within the Badr battle." Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:53:359
It also mentions the war booty that every fighter who participated within the battle received in Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:357. Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:53:369 also mentions how Abu Jahl was killed:
Narrated 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf: While I used to be standing within
the row on the day (of the battle) of Badr, I looked to my right
and my left and saw two young Ansari boys and that
I wished I had been stronger than they. one
among them called my attention saying, "O Uncle! does one know Abu Jahl?" I said, "Yes,
what does one want from him, O my
nephew?" He said, "I am informed
that he abuses Allah's Apostle. By Him in Whose Hands my life is, if I should
see him, then my body won't leave his body
till either folks meet his
fate." I used to be astonished at
that talk. Then the opposite boy called my
attention saying an equivalent because the other had said. After a short time, I saw Abu Jahl walking amongst the
people. I said (to the boys), "Look! this is
often the person you asked me
about." So, both of them attacked him with their swords and struck him to
death and returned to Allah's Apostle to tell him
of that. Allah's Apostle asked, "Which of you has killed him?" Each
of them said, "I Have killed him." Allah's Apostle asked, "Have
you cleaned your swords?" They said, "No. " He then checked out their swords and said, "No doubt,
you both have killed him and therefore the spoils
of the deceased are going to be given to
Muadh bin Amr bin Al-Jamuh." the 2 boys
were Muadh bin 'Afra and Muadh bin Amr bin Al-Jamuh. Sahih al-Bukhari, 4:53:369
It is also mentioned within the Sunni hadith collection Sunan Abu Dawood, 14:2716
There is also a narration of the Battle in Kitab al-Kafi, a primary source of Shi'a Hadith, was Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin describes the participation of the angels within the battle:
Narrated Zurara: On the Day of Badr, Iblees wont to belittle the Muslims within the eyes of the infidels and magnify the infidels within the eyes of the Muslims. So Jibrael pulled the sword against him and he fled from him pleading "Oh Jibrael, I even have been granted a term, I even have been granted the term" until he ended up within the sea. So I (Zurara) said to Abu Ja'far, "What was it that he was so scared of since he had been granted a selected term?" He said, "some parts of his sides to stop."[65]
Biographical literature
The incident is additionally mentioned in Ibn Ishaq's biography of Muhammad.[66]
In modern culture
"Badr" has become popular among Muslim armies and paramilitary organizations. "Operation Badr" was wont to describe Egypt's offensive within the 1973 Yom Kippur War also as Pakistan's actions within the 1999 Kargil War. Iranian offensive operations against Iraq within the late 1980s were also named after Badr.[67] During 2011 Libyan war , the rebel leadership stated that they chose the date of the assault on Tripoli to be the 20th of Ramadan, marking the anniversary of the Battle of Badr.[68]
The Battle of Badr was featured within the 1976 film The Message, 2004 animated movie Muhammad: The Last Prophet, and therefore the 2012 TV series Omar.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) went out on the day of Badr alongside 300 and fifteen (men). The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: O Allah, they're on foot, provide an amount for them; O Allah, they're naked, clothe them; O Allah, they're hungry, provide food for them. Allah then bestowed victory on them. They returned once they were clothed. There was no man of them but he returned with one or two camels; they were clothed and ate to their fill.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) stood up, i.e. on the day of Badr, and said: Uthman has gone off on the business of Allah and His Apostle, and that I shall take the oath of allegiance on his behalf. The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) then allotted him a share, but didn't do so for anyone else who was absent.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2720.
The companions of (the Prophet) Muhammad who took part in Badr, told me that their number was that of Saul's (i.e. Talut's) companions who crossed the river (of Jordan) with him and that they were over three-hundred-and-ten men. By Allah, none crossed the river with him but a believer. (See Qur'an 2:249)
Narrated by Al-Bara
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 293.
I did not join Allah's Apostle(Peace Be Upon Him) in any of his Ghazawat except within the Ghazwa of Tabuk. However, I didn't participate in the Ghazwa of Badr, but none who did not participate in it, was blamed, for Allah's Apostle had gone bent meet the caravans of (Quraish, but Allah caused them (i.e. Muslims) to satisfy their enemy unexpectedly (with no previous intention).
Narrated by Kab bin Malik
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 287.
It has been narrated on the authority of Anas that when (the news of) the advance of Abu Sufyan (at the top of a force) reached him. the Messenger of Allah (Peace Be Upon Him) held consultations together with his Companions. The narrator said: Abu Bakr spoke (expressing his own views), but he (the Holy Prophet) didn't attend to him. Then spoke 'Umar (expressing his views), but he (the Holy Prophet) didn't attend to him (too). Then Sa'd b. 'Ubada stood up and said: Messenger of Allah, you would like us (to speak). By God in Whose control is my life, if you order us to plunge our horses into the ocean, we might do so. If you order us to goad our horses to the foremost distant place like Bark al-Ghimad, we might do so. The narrator said: Now the Messenger of Allah ( Peace Be Upon Him) called upon the people (for the encounter). in order that they began and encamped at Badr. (Soon) the water-carriers of the Quraish arrived. Among them was a black slave belonging to Banu al-Hajjaj. The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) caught him and interrogated him about Abu Sufyan and his companions. He said: I do know nothing about Abu Sufyan, but Abu Jahl, Utba, Shaiba, and Umayya b. Khalaf are there. When he said this, they beat him. Then he said: alright , I will be able to tell you about Abu Sufyan. they might stop beating him then ask him (again) about Abu Sufyan. He would again say', I do know nothing about Abu Sufyan, but Abu Jahl. 'Utba, Shaiba and Umayya b. Khalaf is there. When he said this, they beat him likewise. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) was standing in prayer. When he saw this he finished his prayer and said: By Allah in Whose control is my life, you beat him when he's telling you the reality, and you let him go when he tells you a lie. The narrator said: Then the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: this is often the place where so then would be killed. He placed his hand on the world (saying) here and here; (and) none of them fell far away from the place which the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had indicated by placing his hand on the world.
Narrated by Anas
Sahih Muslim: Book 019, Number 4394.
It is also mentioned within the Sunni hadith collection Sunan Abu Dawood, 14:2716
There is also a narration of the Battle in Kitab al-Kafi, a primary source of Shi'a Hadith, was Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin describes the participation of the angels within the battle:
Narrated Zurara: On the Day of Badr, Iblees wont to belittle the Muslims within the eyes of the infidels and magnify the infidels within the eyes of the Muslims. So Jibrael pulled the sword against him and he fled from him pleading "Oh Jibrael, I even have been granted a term, I even have been granted the term" until he ended up within the sea. So I (Zurara) said to Abu Ja'far, "What was it that he was so scared of since he had been granted a selected term?" He said, "some parts of his sides to stop."[65]
Biographical literature
The incident is additionally mentioned in Ibn Ishaq's biography of Muhammad.[66]
In modern culture
"Badr" has become popular among Muslim armies and paramilitary organizations. "Operation Badr" was wont to describe Egypt's offensive within the 1973 Yom Kippur War also as Pakistan's actions within the 1999 Kargil War. Iranian offensive operations against Iraq within the late 1980s were also named after Badr.[67] During 2011 Libyan war , the rebel leadership stated that they chose the date of the assault on Tripoli to be the 20th of Ramadan, marking the anniversary of the Battle of Badr.[68]
The Battle of Badr was featured within the 1976 film The Message, 2004 animated movie Muhammad: The Last Prophet, and therefore the 2012 TV series Omar.
Prelude
Muslim ArmyThe Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) went out on the day of Badr alongside 300 and fifteen (men). The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said: O Allah, they're on foot, provide an amount for them; O Allah, they're naked, clothe them; O Allah, they're hungry, provide food for them. Allah then bestowed victory on them. They returned once they were clothed. There was no man of them but he returned with one or two camels; they were clothed and ate to their fill.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar(A.s)
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2741.The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) stood up, i.e. on the day of Badr, and said: Uthman has gone off on the business of Allah and His Apostle, and that I shall take the oath of allegiance on his behalf. The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) then allotted him a share, but didn't do so for anyone else who was absent.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Umar
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2720.
The companions of (the Prophet) Muhammad who took part in Badr, told me that their number was that of Saul's (i.e. Talut's) companions who crossed the river (of Jordan) with him and that they were over three-hundred-and-ten men. By Allah, none crossed the river with him but a believer. (See Qur'an 2:249)
Narrated by Al-Bara
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 293.
I did not join Allah's Apostle(Peace Be Upon Him) in any of his Ghazawat except within the Ghazwa of Tabuk. However, I didn't participate in the Ghazwa of Badr, but none who did not participate in it, was blamed, for Allah's Apostle had gone bent meet the caravans of (Quraish, but Allah caused them (i.e. Muslims) to satisfy their enemy unexpectedly (with no previous intention).
Narrated by Kab bin Malik
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 287.
It has been narrated on the authority of Anas that when (the news of) the advance of Abu Sufyan (at the top of a force) reached him. the Messenger of Allah (Peace Be Upon Him) held consultations together with his Companions. The narrator said: Abu Bakr spoke (expressing his own views), but he (the Holy Prophet) didn't attend to him. Then spoke 'Umar (expressing his views), but he (the Holy Prophet) didn't attend to him (too). Then Sa'd b. 'Ubada stood up and said: Messenger of Allah, you would like us (to speak). By God in Whose control is my life, if you order us to plunge our horses into the ocean, we might do so. If you order us to goad our horses to the foremost distant place like Bark al-Ghimad, we might do so. The narrator said: Now the Messenger of Allah ( Peace Be Upon Him) called upon the people (for the encounter). in order that they began and encamped at Badr. (Soon) the water-carriers of the Quraish arrived. Among them was a black slave belonging to Banu al-Hajjaj. The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) caught him and interrogated him about Abu Sufyan and his companions. He said: I do know nothing about Abu Sufyan, but Abu Jahl, Utba, Shaiba, and Umayya b. Khalaf are there. When he said this, they beat him. Then he said: alright , I will be able to tell you about Abu Sufyan. they might stop beating him then ask him (again) about Abu Sufyan. He would again say', I do know nothing about Abu Sufyan, but Abu Jahl. 'Utba, Shaiba and Umayya b. Khalaf is there. When he said this, they beat him likewise. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) was standing in prayer. When he saw this he finished his prayer and said: By Allah in Whose control is my life, you beat him when he's telling you the reality, and you let him go when he tells you a lie. The narrator said: Then the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: this is often the place where so then would be killed. He placed his hand on the world (saying) here and here; (and) none of them fell far away from the place which the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) had indicated by placing his hand on the world.
Narrated by Anas
Sahih Muslim: Book 019, Number 4394.
Meccan Army
From Sad bin Mu'adh: When Umaiya returned to his
family, he said to his wife, "O Um Safwan! Don't you recognize what Sad
told me? "She said, "What has he told you?" He replied, "He
claims that Muhammad has informed them (i.e. companions that they're going to
kill me. I asked him, 'In Mecca?' He replied, 'I don't know." Then Umaiya
added, "By Allah, I will be able to never leave of Mecca." But when
the day of (the Ghazwa of) Badr came, Abu Jahl called the people to war,
saying, "Go and protect your caravan." But Umaiya disliked to travel
out (of Mecca). Abu Jahl came to him and said, "O Abu Safwan! If the
people see you staying behind though you're the chief of the people of the
Valley, then they're going to remain behind with you." Abu Jahl kept on
urging him to travel until he (i.e. Umaiya) said, "As you've got forced me
to vary my mind, by Allah, i will be able to buy the simplest camel in Mecca.
Then Umaiya said (to his wife). "O Um Safwan, prepare what I want (for the
journey)." She said to him, "O Abu Safwan! have you ever forgotten
what your Yathribi brother told you?" He said, "No, but I don't want
to travel with them except for a brief distance." So when Umaiya went out,
he wont to tie his camel wherever he camped. He kept on doing that till Allah
caused him to be killed at Badr.
Narrated by 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 286.
Battle
Single Combat
Abu Dharr took an oath that this verse:" These two
adversaries who dispute about their Lord" (xxii. 19) was revealed in reference
to those that on the Day of Badr came out (of rows to fight against the
non-believers and that they were) Hamza, 'Ali, 'Ubaida b. Harith (from the side
of the Muslims) and 'Utba and Shaiba, both of them the sons of Rabi'a and Walid
b. 'Utba (from the side of the non-believers of Mecca).
Narrated by Abu Dharr
Sahih Muslim: Book 043, Number 7189.
(At the battle of Badr) Utbah ibn Rabi'ah came forward
followed by his son and his brother and cried out: Who is going to be engaged
in single combat? Some young men of the Helpers skilled his call. He asked: Who
are you? They told him. He said: We don't want you; we, in fact, want only our
cousins. The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) said: rise up Hamzah rise up Ali; rise
up Ubaydah ibn al-Harith. Hamzah went forward to Utbah, I went forward to
Shaybah; and after two blows had been exchanged between Ubaydah and al-Walid,
they wounded each other severely; so we turned against al-Walid and killed him,
and that we carried Ubaydah away.
Narrated by Ali ibn Abu Talib
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2659
Battle proper
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said on the
day of Badr: He who does such-and-such, will have such-and-such. The young men
came forward and therefore the old men remained standing near the banners, and
that they didn't move from there. When Allah bestowed victory on them, the old
men said: We were supported for you. If you had been defeated, you'd have
returned to us. don't take this booty alone and that we remain (deprived of
it). The young men refused (to give), and said: The Apostle of Allah
(peace_be_upon_him) has given it to us. Then Allah sent down: "They ask
thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war, Say: (Such) spoils are at the
disposal of Allah and therefore the Apostle......Just as they Lord ordered thee
out of thy house in fact, albeit a celebration among the believers disliked
it." This proved good for them. Similarly, obey me. I do know the
consequence of this better than you.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Abbas
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2731.
The Apostle of Allah (peace_be_upon_him) said on the
day of Badr: He who kills a person will get such-and-such, and he who
captivates a person will get such-and-such. The narrator then transmitted the
remainder of the tradition in a similar manner. The tradition of Khalid is
more perfect.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Abbas
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2732.
It has been narrated on the authority of 'Umar b.
al-Khattab who said: When it had been the day on which the Battle of Badr was
fought, the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) cast a look at the
infidels, and that they were one thousand while his own Companions were 300 and
nineteen. The Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him) turned (his face) towards
the Qibla Then he stretched his hands and commenced his supplication to his
Lord:" O Allah, accomplish on behalf of me what Thou hast promised to me.
O Allah, cause what Thou hast promised to me. O Allah, if this small band of
Muslims are destroyed. Thou won't be worshipped on this earth." He
continued his supplication to his Lord, stretching his hands, facing the Qibla,
until his mantle slipped down from his shoulders. So Abu Bakr came to him,
picked up his mantle, and put it on his shoulders. Then he embraced him from
behind and said:. Prophet of Allah, this prayer of yours to your Lord will
suffice you, and He will fulfill for you what He has promised you. So Allah, the
fantastic and Exalted, revealed (the Qur'anic verse):" When ye appealed to
your Lord for help, He skilled your call (saying): I will be able to assist you
with one thousand angels coming in succession." So Allah helped him with
angels.
Narrated by 'Umar b. al-Khattab
Sahih Muslim: Book 019, Number 4360.
A man asked Al-Bara' and that I was listening,
"Did 'Ali participate in (the battle of) Badr?" Al-Bara' said,
"(Yes). he even met (his enemies) during a duel and was clad in two armors
(one over the other),"
Narrated by Abu Ishaq
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 309.
The Prophet, while during a tent (on the day of the
battle of Badr) said, "O Allah! I ask you the fulfillment of Your Covenant
and Promise. O, Allah! If you would like (to destroy the believers) you'll never
be worshipped after today." Abu Bakr caught him by the hand and said,
"This is sufficient, O Allah's Apostle! you've got asked Allah
pressingly." The Prophet was clad in his armor at that point. He went
out, saying to me: "There multitude are going to be put to flight and that
they will show their backs. Nay, but the Hour is their appointed time (for
their full recompense) which Hour are going to be more grievous and more bitter
(than their worldly failure)." (54.45-46) Khalid said that was on the day
of the battle of Badr.
Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 4, Book 52, Number 164, Number
452.
On the day (of the battle) of Badr once we stood in
rows against (the army of) Quraish and that they stood in rows against us,
[Muhammad] said, "When they are doing come near you, throw arrows at
them."
Narrated by Abu Usaid
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 4, Book 52, Number 149
[Muhammad] said at the battle of Badr: once they come
near you shoot arrows at them, and don't draw swords at them until they are
available near you.
Narrated by Abu Usayd as-Sa'idi
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2658
On the day (of the battle) of Badr, the Prophet and his
companions had caused the 'Pagans to lose 140 men, seventy of whom were
captured and seventy were killed.
Narrated by Al-Bara bin Azib
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 4, Book 52, Number 276
It has been reported on the authority of Anas b. Malik
who said: The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) sent Busaisah as a
scout to ascertain what the caravan of Abu Sufyan was doing. He came (back and
met the Holy Prophet in his house) where there was nobody except me and therefore
the Messenger of Allah. I don't remember whether he (Hadrat Anas) made an
exception of some wives of the Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him) or not and
told him the news of the caravan. (Having heard the news), the Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) came out (hurriedly), spoke to the people, and
said: We are in need (of men); whoever has an animal to ride upon ready with
him should ride with us. People began to ask him permission for bringing their
riding animals which were grazing on the hillocks near Medina. He said: No. (I
want) only those that have their riding animals ready. therefore the Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) and his Companions proceeded towards Badr and
reached there forestalling the polytheists (of Mecca). When the polytheists
(also) reached there, the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: None
of you ought to break through to (do) anything unless I'm before him. The
polytheists (now) advanced (towards us), and therefore the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him) said. rise up to enter Paradise which is equal in
breadth to the heavens and therefore the earth. 'Umair b. al- Humam al-Ansari
said: Messenger of Allah, is Paradise equal in extent to the heavens and
therefore the earth? He said: Yes. 'Umair said: My goodness! The Messenger of
Allah (may peace be upon him) asked him: What prompted you to utter these words
(i. e. my goodness! ')? He said: Messenger of Allah, nothing but the will that
I will be among its residents. He said: Thou art (surely) among its residents. He
took out dates from his bag and commenced to eat them. Then he said: If I were
to measure until I even have eaten of these dates of mine, it might be an
extended life. (The narrator said): He threw away all the dates he had with
him. Then he fought the enemies until he was killed.
Narrated by Anas b. Malik
Sahih Muslim: Book 020, Number 4680
The Prophet said on the day (of the battle) of Badr,
"This is Gabriel holding the top of his horse and equipped with arms for
the battle.
Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 330.
On the day of Badr, Al-Miqdad said, "O Allah's
Apostle! We don't tell you because the children of Israel said to Moses, 'Go
you and your Lord and fight you two; we are sitting here, (5.24) but (we say).
"Proceed, and that we are with you." That appeared to delight Allah's
Apostle greatly.
Narrated by Abdullah (bin Masud)
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 6, Book 60, Number 133.
Allah's Apostle while during a tent on the day of the
Battle of Badr, said, "O Allah! I request you (to fulfill) Your promise
and contract! O, Allah! If you would like that you simply won't be worshipped
henceforth.." thereon Abu Bakr held the Prophet by the hand and said,
"That is enough, O Allah's Apostle you've got appealed to your Lord too
pressingly," while the Prophet was putting on his armor. So Allah's
Apostle went out, reciting Their multitude are going to be put to flight, and
that they will show their backs.' (54.45)
Narrated by Abbas
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 6, Book 60, Number 398.
Az-Zubair said, "I met Ubaida bin Said bin Al-As
on the day (of the battle) of Badr and he was covered with armor; such a lot
that only his eyes were visible. He was surnamed Abu Dhat-al-Karish. He said
(proudly), 'I am Abu-al-Karish.' I attacked him with the spear and pierced his
eye and he died. I put my foot over his body to tug (that spear) out, but even
then I had to use an excellent force to require it out as its both ends were
bent." 'Urwa said, "Later on Allah's Apostle asked Az-Zubair for the
spear and he gave it to him. When Allah's Apostle died, Az-Zubair took it back.
then Abu Bakr demanded it and he gave it to him, and when Abu Bakr died,
Az-Zubair took it back. 'Umar then demanded it from him and he gave it to him.
When 'Umar died, Az-Zubair took it back, then 'Uthman demanded it from him and
he gave it to him. When 'Uthman was martyred, the spear remained with Ali's
offspring. Then 'Abdullah bin Az-Zubair demanded it back, and it remained with
him till he was martyred.
Narrated by 'Urwa
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 333.
Yahya associated with me from Malik from Ibrahim ibn
Abi Abla from Talha ibn Ubaydullah ibn Kariyz that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah blesses him and grants him peace, said, "Shaytan isn't considered more
abased or more cast out or more contemptible or angrier on any day than on
the Day of Arafa. that's only because he sees the descent of the Mercy and
Allah's disregard for nice wrong actions. that's except for what he was shown
on the Day of Badr." Someone said, "What was he shown on the Day of
Badr, Messenger of Allah?" He said, "Didn't he see Jibril arranging
the ranks of the angels?"
Narrated by Yahya
Malik's Muwatta: Book 20, Number 20.76.254.
On the day of the battle of Badr, the Prophet said,
"O Allah! I appeal to You (to fulfill) Your Covenant and Promise. O, Allah!
If Your Will is that none should worship You (then give victory to the
pagans)." Then Abu Bakr took hold of him by the hand and said, "This
is sufficient for you." The Prophet came out saying, "Their multitude
are going to be put to flight and that they will show their backs."
(54.45)
Narrated by Ibn Abbas
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 289.
Aftermath
Death of Abu Jahl
It has been narrated on the authority of Anas b. Malik that
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said (after the encounter at
Badr): Who will ascertain for us what went on to Abu Jahl? Ibn Mas'ud went (to
gather this information). He found that the 2 sons of 'Afra' had struck him and
he lay cold at the purpose of death. He caught him by his beard and said: Art
thou Abu Jahl? He said: is there anybody superior to the person you've got
killed, or (he said) his people have killed him. Ibn Mas'ud says that consistent with Abu Mijlaz, Abu Jahl said: Alas! an individual aside from a
farmer would have killed me.
Narrated by Anas b. Malik
Sahih Muslim: Book 019, Number 4434
It has been narrated on the authority of 'Abd al-Rahman
b. Auf who said: While I used to be standing within the battle array on the Day
of Badr, I looked towards my right and my left, and located myself between two
boys from the Ansar quite young in age. I wanted I were between stronger
persons. one among them made a symbol to me and. said: Uncle, does one
recognize Abu Jahl? 1 said: Yes. What does one want to try to to with him, O my
nephew? He said: I even have been told that he abuses the Messenger of Allah
(may peace be upon him). By Allah, in Whose Hand is my life, if I see him (I
will grapple with him) and can not leave him until one among us who is destined
to die earlier is killed. The narrator said: I wondered at this. Then the
opposite made a symbol to me and said similar words. Soon after I saw Abu Jahl.
He was moving about among men. I said to the 2 boys: Don't you see? he's the person
you were inquiring about. (As soon as they heard this), they dashed towards
him, struck him with their swords until he was killed. Then they returned to
the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and informed him (to this
effect). He asked: Which of you has killed him? all of them said: I even have
killed him. He said: have you ever wiped your swords? They said: No. He
examined their swords and said: Both of you've got killed him. He then decided
that the belongings of Abu Jahl he handed over to Mu'adh b. Amr b. al-Jamuh.
and therefore the two boys were Mu'adh b. Amr b. Jaw and Mu'adh b. Afra.
Narrated by 'Abd al-Rahman b. Auf
Sahih Muslim: Book 019, Number 4341
At the battle of Badr the Apostle of Allah gave me
AbuJahl's sword, as I had killed him.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas'ud
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2716
Narrated Abdullah: That he found Abu Jahl while he was
on the purpose of death on the day of Badr. Abu Jahl said, "You shouldn't
be proud that you simply have killed me nor I'm ashamed of being killed by my
very own folk."
Narrated by Abdullah
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 298.
On the day of Badr, the Prophet said, "Who will go
and see what went on to Abu Jahl?" Ibn Mas'ud went and located that the 2
sons of 'Afra had struck him fatally. 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud got hold of his
beard and said, "'Are you Abu Jahl?" He replied, "Can there be a
person more superior to at least one whom his own folk has killed (or you've
got killed)?"
Narrated by Anas
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 301.
Meccan Prisoners
Abu Zumail said that the hadith was narrated to him by
Ibn 'Abbas who said: While thereon day a Muslim was chasing a disbeliever who
was going before him, he heard over him' the swishing of the whip and therefore
the voice of the rider saying: plow ahead, Haizi'm! He glanced at the
polytheist who had (now) fallen down on his back. When he checked out him
(carefully he found that) there was a scar on his nose and his face was torn as
if it had been lashed with a whip, and had turned green with its poison. An
Ansari came to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) and related this
(event) to him. He said: you've got told the reality. This was the assistance
from the third heaven. The Muslims that day (i. e. the day of the Battle of
Badr) killed seventy persons and captured seventy. The Messenger of Allah (may
peace be upon him) said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them):
what's your opinion about these captives? Abu Bakr said: they're our kith and
kin. I feel you ought to release them after getting from them a ransom. this
may be a source of strength to us against the infidels. it's quite possible
that Allah may guide them to Islam. Then the Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) said: what's your opinion. Ibn Khattab? He said: Messenger of Allah.
I don't hold an equivalent opinion as Abu Bakr. I'm of the opinion that you
simply should hand them over to us in order that we may stop their heads. fork
over 'Aqil to 'Ali that he may stop his head, and fork over such and such
relative to me that I'll but off his head. they're leaders of the disbelievers
and veterans among them. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him)
approved the opinion of Abu Bakr and didn't approve what I said subsequent day
once I came to the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him), I found that
both he and Abu Bakr were sitting shedding tears. I said: Messenger of Allah,
why are you and your Companion shedding tears? Tell me the rationale. For I
will be able to weep ate, if not, I will be able to a minimum of pretend to
weep in sympathy with you. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said:
I weep for what went on to your companions for taking ransom (from the
prisoners). I used to be shown the torture to which they were subjected. it had
been delivered to me as close as this tree. (He pointed to a tree on the brink
of him.) Then God revealed the verse:" it's not befitting for a prophet
that he should take prisoners until the force of the disbelievers has been crushed..."
to the top of the verse:" so eat ye the spoils of war, (it is) lawful and
pure. So Allah made booty lawful for them."
Narrated by Abu Smail
Sahih Muslim: Book 019, Number 4360.
I heard the Prophet reciting Surat-at-Tur in Maghrib
prayer, which was at a time when belief was first planted in my heart. The
Prophet while speaking about the war prisoners of Badr, said, "Were
Al-Mutim bin Adi alive and interceded with me for these filthy people, I might
definitely forgive them for his sake."
Narrated by Jubair bin Mut'im
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 358.
The Prophet (peace_be_upon_him) fixed the ransom of the
people of pre-Islamic Arabia at four hundred dirhams per head on the day of the
battle of Badr.
Narrated by Abdullah ibn Abbas
Sunan Abu Dawud: Book 14, Number 2685
I got an agreement written between me and Umaiya bin
Khalaf that Umaiya would take care of my property (or family) in Mecca and that
I would take care of his in Medina. once I mentioned the word 'Ar-Rahman'
within the documents, Umaiya said, "I don't know 'Ar-Rahman.' Write right
down to me your name, (with which you called yourself) within the Pre-Islamic
Period of Ignorance." So, I wrote my name ' 'Abdu 'Amr'. On the day (of
the battle) of Badr, when all the people visited sleep, I went up Capitol Hill
to guard him. Bilal(1) saw him (i.e. Umaiya) and visited a gathering of Ansar
and said, "(Here is) Umaiya bin Khalaf! Woe to me if he escapes!" So,
a gaggle of Ansar went out with Bilal to follow us ('Abdur-Rahman and Umaiya).
Being afraid that they might catch us, I left Umaiya's son for them to stay
them busy but the Ansar killed the son and insisted on following us. Umaiya was
a fat man, and once they approached us, I told him to kneel down, and he knelt,
and that I laid myself on him to guard him, but the Ansar killed him by passing
their swords underneath me, and one among them injured my foot together with
his sword. (The sub-narrator said, " 'Abdur-Rahman wont to show us the
trace of the wound on the rear of his foot.")
Narrated by 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Auf
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 3, Book 38, Number 498.
When it had been the day (of the battle) of Badr,
prisoners of war were brought including Al-Abbas who was undressed. [Muhammad]
searched for a shirt for him. it had been found that the shirt of 'Abdullah bin
Ubai would do, therefore the Prophet let him wear it. That was the rationale
why the Prophet took off and gave his own shirt to 'Abdullah. (The narrator
adds, "He had done the Prophet some favor that the Prophet liked to reward
him.")
Narrated by Jabir bin 'Abdullah
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 4, Book 52, Number 252.
Muslim Veterans
On the day of Badr, (Quraishi) Emigrants received 100
shares of the war booty."
Narrated by Az-Zubair
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 361.
The Badr warriors got five thousand (Dirhams) each,
yearly. 'Umar said, "I will surely give them quite what I will be able to
give to others."
Narrated by Qais
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 357.
The believers who did not join the Ghazwa of Badr and
people who took part in it aren't equal (in reward).
Narrated by Ibn Abbas
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 290.
Narrated Said bin Al-Musaiyab: When the primary civil
strife (in Islam) happened due to the murder of 'Uthman, it left none of the
Badr warriors are alive. When the second civil strife, that's the battle of
Al-Harra happened, it left none of the Hudaibiya treaty companions alive.
Then the third civil strife happened and it didn't subside till it had
exhausted all the strength of the people.
Narrated by Said bin Al-Musaiyab
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 358.
(who was one among the Badr warriors) Gabriel came to
the Prophet and said, "How does one think of the soldiers of Badr among
yourselves?" The Prophet said, "As the simplest of the Muslims."
or said an identical statement. On that, Gabriel said, "And so are the
Angels who participated in the Badr (battle)."
Narrated by Rifaa
Sahih al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 327
Mekkan Dead
Mekkan Dead
[Muhammad] checked out the people of the well (the well
during which the bodies of the pagans killed within the Battle of Badr were
thrown) and said, "Have you found true what your Lord promised you?"
Somebody said to him, "You are addressing dead people." He replied,
"You don't hear better than they but they can't reply."
Narrated by Ibn 'Umar
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 2, Book 23, Number 452.
On the day of Badr, the Prophet ordered that the
corpses of twenty-four leaders of Quraish should be thrown into one among the
dirty dry wells of Badr. (It was a habit of the Prophet that whenever he
conquered some people, he wont to occupy the battle-field for 3 nights. So, on
the third day of the battle of Badr, he ordered that his she-camel be saddled,
then he began, and his companions followed him saying among themselves."
"Definitely he (i.e. the Prophet) is proceeding for a few great purposes."
When he halted at the sting of the well, he addressed the corpses of the
Quraish infidels by their names and their fathers' names, "O so-and-so,
son of so-and-so and O so-and-so, son of so-and-so! wouldn't it have pleased
you if you had obeyed Allah and His Apostle? we've found true what our Lord
promised us. have you ever too found true what your Lord promised you?
"'Umar said, "O Allah's Apostle! you're chatting with bodies that
haven't any souls!" Allah's Apostle said, "By Him in Whose Hand
Muhammad's soul is, you are doing not hear, what I say better than they are
doing ." (Qatada said, "Allah brought them to life (again) to allow
them to hear him, to reprimand them and slight them and take revenge over them
and caused them to feel remorseful and regretful.")
Narrated by Abu Talha
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 314.
The Prophet stood at the well of Badr (which contained
the corpses of the pagans) and said, "Have you found true what your Lord
promised you?" Then he further said, "They now hear what I say."
This was mentioned before 'Aisha and she or he said, "But the Prophet
said, 'Now they know alright that what I wont to tell them was the reality .'
Then she recited (the Holy Verse):-- "You cannot make the dead hear...
...till the top of Verse)." (30.52)
Narrated by Ibn Umar
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 59, Number 317.
Hisham narrated on the authority of his father that it
had been mentioned to 'A'isha that Ibn 'Umar had narrated as Marfa' hadith from
the Apostle of Allah (may peace be upon him) that the dead would be punished
within the grave due to the lamentation of his family for him. Upon this, she
said: He (Ibn 'Umar) missed (the point). The Messenger of Allah (may peace be
upon him) had (in fact) said: He (the dead) is punished for his faults or for
his sins, and therefore the members of his family are waiting for him now.
(This misunderstanding of Ibn 'Umar is analogous to his saying: ) The Messenger
of Allah (may peace be upon him) stood by the well during which were lying the
dead bodies of these polytheists who had been killed on the Day of Badr, and he
said to them what he had to mention, i. e.: They hear what I say. But he (Ibn
'Umar) misunderstood. The Holy Prophet (may peace be upon him) had only said:
They (the dead) understand that what I wont to tell them was the truth. She then
recited:" Certainly, thou canst not make the dead hear the call"
(xxvii. 80), nor are you able to make those hear who are within the graves, nor
are you able to inform them once they have taken their seats in Hell.
Narrated by Hisham
Al Muslim: Book 004, Number 2027
Aba Talha reported: When it had been the Day of Badr
and Allah's Apostle (may peace be upon him) had gained victory over them (the
Meccans), he commanded quite twenty persons, and in another hadith, these are
counted as twenty-four persons, from the non-believers of the Quraish to be
thrown into the well of Badr. the remainder of the hadith is the same.
Narrated by Aba Talha
Al Muslim: Book 040, Number 6870
Once the Prophet was offering the prayer within the
shade of the Ka'ba. Abu Jahl and a few Quraishi men sent somebody to bring the
abdominal contents of a she-camel which had been slaughtered somewhere in Mecca,
and when he brought them, they put them over the Prophet Then Fatima (i.e. the
Prophet's daughter) came and threw them far away from him, and he said, "O
Allah! Destroy (the pagans of) Quraish; O Allah! Destroy Quraish; O Allah
Destroy Quraish," naming especially Abu Jahl bin Hisham, 'Utba bin Rabi'a,
Shaiba bin Rabi'a, Al Walid bin 'Utba, Ubai bin Khalaf and 'Uqba bin Abi Mitt.
(The narrator, 'Abdullah added, "I saw all of them killed and thrown
within the Badr well).
Narrated by Abdullah
Sahih Al-Bukhari: Volume 4, Book 52, Number 185.
Muslim Dead
Um Ar-Rubai'bint Al-Bara', the mother of Hartha bin
Suraqa came to the Prophet and said, "O Allah's Prophet! Will you tell me
about Hartha?" Hartha has been killed (i.e. martyred) on the day of Badr
with an arrow thrown by an unidentified person. She added, "If he's in
Paradise, I will be able to be patient; otherwise, I will be able to weep
bitterly for him." He said, "O mother of Hartha! There are Gardens in
Paradise and your son got the Firdausal-ala (i.e. the simplest place in
Paradise)."
Narrated by Anas bin Malik
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